开源的可以用IOtop软件查看！
Linux Kernel 2.6.20 以上的内核支持进程 IO 统计，可以用类似 iotop 这样的工具来监测每个进程对 IO 操作的情况，就像用 top 来实时查看进程内存、CPU 等占用情况那样。但是对于 2.6.20 以下的 Linux 内核版本就没那么幸运了，根据 Stack Overflow 的这篇回帖 给出的方法，VPSee 写了一个简单的 Python 脚本用来在 linux kernel < 2.6.20 下打印进程 IO 状况。
Kernel < 2.6.20
这个脚本的想法很简单，把 dmesg 的结果重定向到一个文件后再解析出来，每隔1秒钟打印一次进程 IO 读写的统计信息，执行这个脚本需要 root：
#!/usr/bin/python
# Monitoring per-process disk I/O activity
# written by http://www.vpsee.com
import sys, os, time, signal, re
class DiskIO:
def __init__(self, pname=None, pid=None, reads=0, writes=0):
self.pname = pname
self.pid = pid
self.reads = 0
self.writes = 0
def main():
argc = len(sys.argv)
if argc != 1:
print "usage: ./iotop"
sys.exit(0)
if os.getuid() != 0:
print "must be run as root"
sys.exit(0)
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
os.system('echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/block_dump')
print "TASK PID READ WRITE"
while True:
os.system('dmesg -c > /tmp/diskio.log')
l = []
f = open('/tmp/diskio.log', 'r')
line = f.readline()
while line:
m = re.match(\
'^(\S+)\((\d+)\): (READ|WRITE) block (\d+) on (\S+)', line)
if m != None:
if not l:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
continue
found = False
for item in l:
if item.pid == m.group(2):
found = True
if m.group(3) == "READ":
item.reads = item.reads + 1
elif m.group(3) == "WRITE":
item.writes = item.writes + 1
if not found:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
time.sleep(1)
for item in l:
print "%-10s %10s %10d %10d" % \
(item.pname, item.pid, item.reads, item.writes)
def signal_handler(signal, frame):
os.system('echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/block_dump')
sys.exit(0)
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
# Monitoring per-process disk I/O activity
# written by http://www.vpsee.com
import sys, os, time, signal, re
class DiskIO:
def __init__(self, pname=None, pid=None, reads=0, writes=0):
self.pname = pname
self.pid = pid
self.reads = 0
self.writes = 0
def main():
argc = len(sys.argv)
if argc != 1:
print "usage: ./iotop"
sys.exit(0)
if os.getuid() != 0:
print "must be run as root"
sys.exit(0)
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
os.system('echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/block_dump')
print "TASK PID READ WRITE"
while True:
os.system('dmesg -c > /tmp/diskio.log')
l = []
f = open('/tmp/diskio.log', 'r')
line = f.readline()
while line:
m = re.match(\
'^(\S+)\((\d+)\): (READ|WRITE) block (\d+) on (\S+)', line)
if m != None:
if not l:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
continue
found = False
for item in l:
if item.pid == m.group(2):
found = True
if m.group(3) == "READ":
item.reads = item.reads + 1
elif m.group(3) == "WRITE":
item.writes = item.writes + 1
if not found:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
time.sleep(1)
for item in l:
print "%-10s %10s %10d %10d" % \
(item.pname, item.pid, item.reads, item.writes)
def signal_handler(signal, frame):
os.system('echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/block_dump')
sys.exit(0)
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
Kernel >= 2.6.20
如果想用 iotop 来实时查看进程 IO 活动状况的话，需要下载和升级新内核（2.6.20 或以上版本）。编译新内核时需要打开 TASK_DELAY_ACCT 和 TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING 选项。解压内核后进入配置界面：
# tar jxvf linux-2.6.30.5.tar.bz2
# mv linux-2.6.30.5 /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.30.5
# make menuconfig
# mv linux-2.6.30.5 /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.30.5
# make menuconfig
选择 Kernel hacking –> Collect scheduler debugging info 和 Collect scheduler statistics，保存内核后编译内核：
# make; make modules; make modules_install; make install
修改 grub，确认能正确启动新内核：
# vi /boot/grub/menu.lst
出了新内核外，iotop 还需要 Python 2.5 或以上才能运行，所以如果当前 Python 是 2.4 的话需要下载和安装最新的 Python 包。这里使用源代码编译安装：
# tar jxvf Python-2.6.2.tar.bz2
# cd Python-2.6.2
# ./configure
# make; make install
# cd Python-2.6.2
# ./configure
# make; make install
别忘了下载 setuptools：
[code]# mv setuptools-0.6c9-py2.6.egg.sh setuptools-0.6c9-py2.6.egg
# sh setuptools-0.6c9-py2.6.egg
简单调试 Python 
